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1.
Braz. j. infect. dis ; 19(1): 15-22, Jan-Feb/2015. tab
Article in English | LILACS | ID: lil-741237

ABSTRACT

Introduction: in Brazil, chronic hepatitis C in patients coinfected with the human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) is treated with pegylated interferon (Peg-IFN) and ribavirin (RBV). However, few studies have evaluated the effectiveness of this treatment in this particular population. The identification of the factors that predict sustained virological response (SVR) under current clinical practice would enable clinicians to more accurately estimate the probability of achieving an SVR and therefore utilize the appropriate therapeutics, especially in the era of direct-acting antiviral (DAA) agents. Aims: the primary aim of our study was to determine the SVR rate under current clinical practice. The secondary aims were as follows: (1) to determine the factors before and during treatment that predict SVR; and (2) to identify the causes of treatment interruption. Methods: within a cohort of HIV/hepatitis C virus (HCV)-coinfected patients in Brazil, we performed a retrospective analysis of those individuals treated with Peg-IFN and RBV. Results: among the 382 analyzed patients, SVR was observed in 118 [30.9% (95% confidence interval (CI): 26.3-35.8)], which included 25.9% (75/289) of the patients with genotypes 1 and 4 and 48.2% (41/85) of those with genotypes 2 and 3. After multivariate analyses the independent positive predictors for SVR after treatment for chronic hepatitis C with PegIFN and RBV were: absence of an AIDS-defining illness (p = 0.001), HCV viral load lower than 600,000 IU/mL at the onset of treatment (p = 0.003), higher liver enzyme levels (p = 0.039) at baseline, infection with genotypes 2 or 3 (p = 0.003), and no transient treatment interruption (p = 0.001). The treatment was interrupted in 25.6% (98/382) of the patients because of adverse events (11.3%, 43/382), virologic failure (7.8%, 30/382), and dropout (6.5%, 43/382). The main adverse events were cytopenia and psychiatric disorders. Conclusions: ...


Subject(s)
Adult , Female , Humans , Male , Middle Aged , Antiviral Agents/administration & dosage , Hepatitis C, Chronic/drug therapy , Interferon-alpha/administration & dosage , Polyethylene Glycols/administration & dosage , Ribavirin/administration & dosage , Antiviral Agents/adverse effects , Cohort Studies , Drug Therapy, Combination , Genotype , Hepacivirus/genetics , Hepatitis C, Chronic/virology , Interferon-alpha/adverse effects , Polyethylene Glycols/adverse effects , Retrospective Studies , RNA, Viral , Recombinant Proteins/administration & dosage , Recombinant Proteins/adverse effects , Ribavirin/adverse effects , Treatment Outcome , Viral Load
2.
Bol. Soc. Bras. Hematol. Hemoter ; 7(136): 215-28, nov.-dez. 1985. tab, ilus
Article in Portuguese | LILACS | ID: lil-29540

ABSTRACT

Apresenta-se a casuística do Centro de Hematologia Santa Catarina, referente a 786 pacientes hemofílicos, sendo 4,9:1 a relaçäo de hemofilia A e B respectivamente, no que se refere aos aspectos relacionados à Síndrome de Imunodeficiência Adquirida (AIDS). Desde 1979 a junho de 1985, observou-se 15 casos de AIDS e 52 de Complexo Relacionado à AIDS (ARC), sendo que 17 deles apresentavam Púrpura Trombocitopênica Idiopática(PTI). Todos os pacientes menos um foram tratados de sua doença básica, a hemofilia, exclusivamente com concentrados de fatores da coagulaçäo obtidos do plasma de doadores brasileiros e voluntários de sangue. A AIDS foi mais frequente na faixa etária de 0-12 anos(57,1%) e nos hemofílicos A(3,1%) do que hemofílicos B(1,4%). A PTI incidiu com maior frequência(55%) sobre os pacientes maiores de 25 anos e nos hemofílicos B(6%) que nos hemofílicos A(3,8). As alteraçöes de Imunidade celular e humoral nestes pacientes foram significativas, mesmo nos hemofílicos assintomáticos. Além da alta incidência da PTI, ao contrário do referido em outros grupos de risco, chama-se a atençäo para o fato de näo encontrar-se, mesmo nos estudos "post-mortem", nenhum caso de Sarcoma de Kaposi, descrito como frequente entre os homossexuais. Nos estudos "post-mortem" foi diagnosticado a toxoplasmose do S.N.C, em 2 pacientes, encefalite subaguda em outros 2, candidíase do S.N.C. em 2, meningite asséptica atípica, meningite pneumocócica e criptococose do S.N.C. em um. O comprometimento pulmonar de 9 casos que foram a óbito, incidem em mais de uma nosologia em alguns pacientes; foram pneumonia intersticial em 6 casos, broncopneumonia em 7, bronquite e bronquiolite em 3 e frequente identificaçäo de membrana hialina em 5. Os agentes patogênicos identificados foram a Candida albicans em 3, Pneumocystis carinii em 3, Citomegalovirus também em 3. Vírus Respiratório Sincicial em 2 e Aspergillus fumigatus em 1. De todas as manifestaçöes gastro-intestinais nos hemofílicos com AIDS, a que mais se destacou foi a colite por C.M.V. As medidas profiláticas específicas recomendadas com maior destaque foram o questionário de auto-exclusäo de doadores, o exame rigoroso de todos os doadores de sangue em relaçäo a presença de anticorpo para o HTLV-III/LAV


Subject(s)
Infant, Newborn , Infant , Child, Preschool , Child , Adolescent , Adult , Humans , Hemophilia A , Acquired Immunodeficiency Syndrome/etiology , Blood Donors , Blood Substitutes , Brazil , Blood Transfusion/adverse effects
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